What Is Polyprotic Acid Chemistry Definition

A polyprotic acid is an acid that can donate more than one proton or hydrogen atom per molecule to an aqueous solution. In contrast, a monoprotic acid (e.g., HCl) can only donate one proton per molecule. Polyprotic Acid Examples Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) is a polyprotic acid because it can donate two hydrogen atoms to an aqueous solution. Specifically, sulfuric acid is a diprotic acid because it has two available hydrogen atoms. Orthophosphoric acid (H3PO4) is a triprotic acid. Successive deprotonations yield H2PO4-, HPO42-, and PO43-. In this acid, the positions of the original three hydrogen atoms are equivalent on the molecule, but removal of subsequent protons becomes less energetically favorable.

`` Hunger Of Memory `` By Taghreed Alhaddab Essay

The question of whether education and social mobility have a connection has been around for many years, with people having different views and perspectives on this topic. Some may say the two has no relation at all, while some, like Richard Rodriguez in his autobiography, Hunger of Memory, may presents his argument that education plays a role in social mobility but because of other factors such as affirmative action, obtaining a higher education, after all, does not necessarily mean upward mobility. The purpose of affirmative action, as found in The Consequences of Eliminating Affirmative Action Admission Policies in Minorities’ College Access, written by Taghreed Alhaddab, is to make a substantial progress towards academic justice by providing equality of opportunity for historically undeserved groups (2). To put it simply, affirmative action aims to improve the education of disadvantaged students, the minorities. However, Rodriguez argues affirmative action is not necessary and helpful because instead of truly helping the targeted groups, it actually has led to negative outcomes, changing the definition of education. Because of affirmative action, Rodriguez believes higher education may not always lead one a step closer to upward mobility. In according to his argument that affirmative action is not necessary, Rodriguez argues that affirmative action is becoming more of a racial solution than an academic solution like how it supposed to be (155). Instead of really helping

Payroll Accounting Project Free Essays

CHAPTER 7 Note to Instructors Depending upon the availability of time and your goals in teaching the payroll accounting course, you may use the Payroll Project in one of several ways: 1. Assign only the preparation of payroll registers and posting to employees’ earnings records. 2. We will write a custom essay sample on Payroll Accounting Project or any similar topic only for you Order Now Assign (1) plus recording the entries in the general journal and posting to the general ledger. 3. Assign (1) and (2) plus completion of the quarterly tax reports. 4. Assign the complete project. . Appendix A uses the same practice set with the computer-assisted approach. If students are completing the project using Appendix A, it would be helpful to have them complete one of the payrolls manually. This would provide a better understanding of the operations that are being performed by the computer. Chapter 7 consists of a simulation, or practice set, for payroll accounting. Students will apply the knowledge acquired in this course to practical payroll situations. This simulation is a culmination of the information presented in the textbook. Learning Objectives After completing the simulation, students should be able to: 1. Prepare payroll registers. 2. Maintain employees’ earnings records. 3. Journalize and post payroll and payroll tax entries. 4. Complete federal, state, and city tax deposit forms and journalize the transactions. 5. Prepare various quarter-end and year-end payroll tax forms. 6. Make the accrual entries for the payroll at the end of a year. Payroll Project Solution (p. 7–24) JOURNAL 20– Oct. 9 Payroll Cash 12 11,058. 80 Cash 11 11,058. 80 Oct. 9 Administrative Salaries 51 2,307. 69 Office Salaries 52 3,353. 08 Sales Salaries 53 3,600. 00 Plant Wages 54 4,902. 00 FICA Taxes Payable—OASDI 20. 1 878. 09 FICA Taxes Payable—HI 20. 2 205. 37 Employees FIT Payable 24 1,012. 00 Employees SIT Payable 25 434. 82 Employees SUTA Payable 25. 1 11. 33†¦ [continues] How to cite Payroll Accounting Project, Essay examples

Music in the Biography of an Ex

Music in the Biography of an Ex-Colored man Essay Freedom In James Weldon Johnnys The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man, the narrator is troubled by the two facets of his racial identity making him incapable of determining his self-identity. Music plays a crucial a role in the determination of the narrators self-identity, he expresses admiration towards African American culture for its originality and universality, while he also reveres European culture for its priority on intellectualism and classical music. It is clear that the narrator struggles with his self- identity throughout the novel, but by Joining both of his musical roots is the narrator palpable to formulate his self-identity. The narrator was conscious that there were some black and brown boys and girls Monsoons 13) at his school and that they were in some way looked down upon (1 3), but as for race and racism, the narrator was entirely ignorant, until his principal segregated him from the other white students in his class. We will write a custom essay on Music in the Biography of an Ex-Colored man specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now For the first time in his life he noticed the ivory whiteness (15) of his skin, which led him to ask his mother a preeminent question, Am I white? Are you white (16)? His mother never gave an explicit answer, further confusing the narrator about his race; she simply admitted that she was not white, but that his father was white and the best blood of the South (16). The narrators life-changing discovery resulted into two things: he began to find company in books, and great pleasure in music (18). European culture is emotionally and intellectually significant for the narrator and plays a substantial role in his love life. From an early age the narrator is intellectually curious, reading books on theology, science, and history, and is evidently intelligent himself, since he learned to speak merely by speaking (74). Classical music was notionally important for the narrator for its connection to his life in Connecticut (75). The narrator is first introduced to music by his mother, specifically remembering those evenings on which she opened the little piano the happiest hours of life (10). More significantly, the narrator meets his father for the first time at the age of twelve during one of his piano lessons, initially not arousing any considerable feeling of need for a father (23). He initially plays half hearted (24) music for his father, but when he notices his fathers enthusiastic.. Praise Touched vanity (24), he showed his gratitude by playing for him a Chopin waltz with all feeling that was in (24). The narrators performance established a father and son relationship, When I had finished My father stepped across the room, seized me in his arms, and squeezed me to his breast. I am certain that for that moment he was proud to be my father (24). Classical music also plays an influential role in the narrators love life. It was not her delicate beauty (110) that drew the narrator to his wife to-be, it was her voice (110) that attracted him the cost. On the other hand, the white singer was captivated by the narrators playing of Chopin (1 10), she often asked him to play the 13th Nocturne (1 13), and confessed her love to the narrator and also accepting his marriage proposal while she played Music in the Biography of an Ex-Colored man By sickbay important aspect of the narrators life, especially music, for its ability to produce particular work that appeals to the masses due to its significant entertainment value: The cake-walk, I think they ought to be proud of it. It is my opinion that the colored people of this country have done four things which refute the oft advanced theory that they are an absolutely inferior race, which demonstrate that they have originality and artistic conception, and, what is more, the power of creating that which can influence and appeal universally. (51) The narrator values ragtime for its ancestry and originality, but above all he esteems the musics lack of theory, unlike classical music, and its natural guidance by instinct and talent (57). .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec , .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec .postImageUrl , .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec , .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec:hover , .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec:visited , .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec:active { border:0!important; } .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec:active , .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u3c1deb4e5b94462fe0ae8a2951e7d7ec:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: New Business Venture: Music Academy EssayThe narrator relates well to ragtime music because these musicians relied on instinct and talent (57), animally to the narrator who always tried to interpret a piece of music.. With feeling (19), and played by ear (10). The narrator cannot accept ragtime on its own merits, only when a German musician re-interprets ragtime with a mix of classical music does the narrator see the potential in that genre of music: I sat amazed. I had been turning classical music into ragtime, a comparatively easy task; and this man had taken ragtime and made it classic. The thought came across me like a flash It can be done, why cant I do it? From that moment my mind was made up. From that moment my mind was made up. I clearly saw the way of carrying out the ambition I had formed when a boy. (79) The narrator is unable to determine his respective racial identity, only when he Joins both halves of his musical roots does he feel that he can carry out the ambition he had formed before racism was ever an issue to him. But after witnessing the lynching of an African American man, the narrator consciously makes the decision to let society choose his self-identity, that of a white man, l would neither disclaim the black race or claim the white race; but that I would change my name, raise a mustache and let the world take me for what it would; that it was not necessary for me to go with a label of inferiority pasted across my forehead (106). The narrator expresses ambivalence towards his choice, l cannot repress the thought, that, after all, I have chosen the lesser part, that I have sold my birthright for a mess of pottage (118). He recognizes the fact that he is choosing comfort over self-awareness. The narrator displays fondness for classical and ragtime music for contrasting reasons. The narrator appreciates classical music for its intellectual aspect, but most importantly for its connection with his mother and the bond it created between himself and his father. Ragtime music enhances the narrators love for music, while also ameliorating his opinion on the African American population. The narrator is inspired by both genres of music and is able to combine both halves if his musical identity in a way that he cannot do with his racial identity. Brown, James Weldon. The Autobiography of an Ex-Colored Man. Boston: Sherman French co. , 1912. PUB file.

Clarify and explain the key concepts of situational ethics Essay Example

Clarify and explain the key concepts of situational ethics Essay The situational ethics theory was brought about by Joseph Fletcher. It refers to a particular view of ethics that states: the morality of an act is a function of the state of the system at the time it is performed. The founding idea is that the only thing of built-in value is love. From there, Fletcher advocated a number of controversial courses of action.There are 3 kinds of ethical theories, and these are essentially three different ways of making moral decisions. There are the legalistic ethics, the antinomian ethics and the situational ethics.The legalistic ethics have a set of moral rules and regulations. Both Christianity and Judaism also have legalistic ethical traditions. Different religions have different approaches to how to dealing with decisions, and where to look for guidance. For example, Judaism has a law-based approach to life, and Christianity looks for guidance either in the commandments of the bible or natural law. But Fletcher believes that these traditions fail w hen lifes problems require additional laws. The legalist must either include all of the complex alternatives in the law or create a whole new law altogether. Fletcher rejects legalistic ethics.The second theory is Antinomian ethics. Antinomian ethics is basically seen as the opposite of legalistic ethics. Antinomian basically means against law. This means that the ethical system is completely ignored. When making a decision, the occasion would be totally unique and it would be a matter of spontaneity. Fletcher believed it would literally be unprincipled and it would follow no course from one situation to another. Fletcher is equally critical of antinomianism as an acceptable approach to ethics, because its unprincipled.The final theory is situational ethics. The situationist makes a moral decision by basically combining the ethics, rules and principles of his or her community or tradition. However, the situationist is willing to set aside the rules and regulations if love seems bett er served by doing so. Situation ethics generally agree that mans reason should be the instrument of moral judgment. They accept revelation as the source of ethical norms and, at the same time, reject all revealed norms or laws except the single commandment to love God and the neighbors. Situation ethics does not aim at what is good or right, but at what is fitting. For a situationist, all moral decisions are hypothetical. They depend on what best serves love. For example, lying is justified if love is better served by it.Situation ethics is sensitive to variety and complexity. It uses principles to devour of the situation, but not to guide the direction. Fletcher divides his principles into two parts: the four working principles and the six fundamental principles.There are some presumptions that Fletcher makes before setting out the situation ethics theory:Pragmatism: This basically means that the proposed course of action must work, and must work towards the end, which is love.Rel ativism: Situation ethics is relativistic. A situationist will avoid words such as never, perfect, always and complete. They refrain from making anything of absolute value. There are no fixed rules that must be obeyed. But Fletcher also believes that all decisions must link with Christian love. Situation ethics relativizes the absolute, it does not absolute the relative Fletcher.Positivism: With natural positivism reason understands faith from human experiences. Nature provides the evidence and reason grabs hold of it. Reason isnt the basis for faith, but it works within faith. Situation ethics depends purely on the Christian choosing that God is love, so therefore giving first place to Christian love.Personalism: A legalist would put the law first and a situationist would put people first. Fletcher asks whats best to do to benefit humans: There are no values in the sense of inherent goods value is what happens to something when it happens to be useful to love working for the sake of persons.Conscience isnt a pile of rules and regulations that tells you what to do, it in no way guides humans in what action to take. For a situationist, the conscience describes the weighing up of the possible action before its been taken.With this idea acknowledged, Fletcher brings forth the main theory; the six fundamental principles.1st Proposition: Only one thing is intrinsically good; namely love: nothing else at all.This basically means that only love is good in and of itself. The action itself isnt good or evil. They are good or evil depending on whether it ends up in the most loving result.2nd Proposition: The ruling norm of Christian decision is love: nothing else.Fletcher means that love replaces law. For example, Jesus decision to heal on the Sabbath day went against Christian decision, but Jesus broke this law when love demanded it. Love isnt equalled by any other law.3rd Proposition: Love and Justice are the same, for justice is love distributed, nothing else.Fletc her believes that love and justice cannot be separated. He maintains that justice is Christian love using its head, calculating its duties, obligations, opportunities etc. Justice is love at work in the whole community and for the whole community.4th Proposition: Love wills the neighbours good, whether we like him or not.The love Fletcher is talking about isnt a matter of feeling, but of attitude. Its not a romantic love or sentimental, but a desire for the good of the other person. In the New Testament, this type of love is called Agape. This love goes out to everyone, even to the people we dont like. It is unconditional, and nothing is expected in return.5th Proposition: Only the end justified the means, nothing else.To make a moral decision without querying the consequences of your actions is a recipe for disaster. Fletcher believes that the end must be the most loving result. When weighing up a situation, one must consider the desired end, the means available, the motive for act ing and the foreseeable consequences.6th Proposition: Loves decisions are made situationally, not prescriptively.Fletcher believes that rule-based morality is wrong, and something is wrong or right depending on the situation. If an action will bring about an end that serves love most, then that decision is most appropriate.Another idea and theory of situational ethics, is Deontology. (Greek: Deon meaning obligation or duty) Deontological ethics is a theory holding that decisions should be made solely or primarily by considering ones duties and the rights of others. One of the most important implications of deontology is that a persons behavior can be wrong even if it results in the best possible consequences. In contrast to consequentialism, a philosophy infamous for its claim that the ends justify the means, deontology insists that how people accomplish their goals is usually (or always) more important than what people accomplish.Situation ethics provides an alternative Christian e thic. It is flexible and practical and takes into account the problems and complexities of life. But from a legalistic point of view, all actions seem wrong. Fletchers theory is subjective as decisions must be made from within the situation as its perceived to be. It is individualistic as humans can see things from their own perspective. What is believed to be a loving end could justify actions that many people believe as simply wrong.

Impact of Media in Socialization

Impact of Media in Socialization Effects of the Media How can the media teach responsible behaviours such as decision-making? The current and almost inevitable behaviour involves periodical flipping of channels using a remote control to find a suitable program. People learn both beneficial and negative practices from the media. Children learn some languages or slangs from the media, and this end up influencing their communication behaviours even in future undertakings.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Impact of Media in Socialization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The themes and issues such as drama, violence, sex and music are common implications. Children are therefore prone to stereotyping and deceiving information about the world, particularly due to their innocence. People need to realize that socialization is a developmental process whereby the individual encounters others or earthly resources and they enable him/her to be socially a cceptable into specific settings. Social acceptance is a continual and ever dynamic procedure, throughout the entire lifetime. Lack of social control causes personal life to lacks proper meaning. Surroundings and experiences are the main determinants or the agents of socialization, which are the world’s main influences. These controls depend on exposure, and thus the positive or negative impacts on individuals. The media is one of the agents that have nearly permanent effect on people social lifestyles because of its manipulative style of shaping the society (Nash, 2010). The media consumes the behavioural pattern of many and mostly the youth. Although not intentional, teenagers easily pick the bad influences from the media in their urge of finding identity in the society. Sometimes the bad influences include bragging to the peers. When the family setting has a strong foundation on good influences, the teenager has ability to resist media pressure. Peer exposure has great p ressure than the family influences, but exposures to the media can cause different experiences, which are both great and influential to proper growth as well as social demolishing. Exposure to media influences is sociological because it determines if one is in a position to venture into future relationships without considering the experiences, or attracting more negative influences.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More State of the Media The media is dynamic and a revolution that rarely fades away from the social world. The celebrity influence is an example that is a common scenario among the youths since time in memorial. The media is equally expansive, and today it has great influence on everyone in various unique ways, regardless of the personal option or need. It has formed a big part of the social world, but people need to understand it as a manipulative too l because if one is in a position of thinking from the media point of view or aspired outcome, then understanding the system is easier. This kind of thought reduces the chances of negative influences. In close relation to Newman’s (2009) writing, childhood is not a biological but a social process of growth. This means that all children are unsecure from the media influences. Everyone is able to pick one or many aspects that are moral or immoral values of the society. A child does not need to understand the verbal interpretation to understand the description of violence from a television set. The tragic images speak bigger words. The key social values one picks from the media are evident during the socialization process, for instance the commercial implications. The media is however not set to spread good or negative influence, it acts as a manipulation tool in support of the businesses profit margins, but end up determining how the young child will socialize. The cartoon and animated images are the key determinant of the children’s actions. The media therefore distorts the morals values by influencing on people to take up what it portrays. Parental role Do the parents or guardians bother to check on the movie or program ratings? Young people are often curious of negative aspects such as alcohol, and thus the common definition of the teenage years being a time of experimenting and seeking novelty. Conducted survey indicates that scenes of alcohol and tobacco abuse are a common phenomenon in most programs and movies today (Kendall, 2006). As a result, at least half or more of the teenagers try out alcohol during the teenager stage, and nearly all have tried before reaching the legal age. â€Å"These days the youth show higher rates or percentage of alcohol problems as opposed to the older age groups† (Browne, 2009). This is a social problem mainly influenced through the media.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Impact of Media in Socialization specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Vulnerability to the media The brain may be more vulnerable to social pressure or discomforts due to sensitivity. These social effects can bring about pleasurable social experiences such as negative engagement, as one seeks better expectations. The effects of the media on the mind are enormous. In the studies of media influences by Partrick (2008), characteristically, people have a diminished sensitivity to influences because the hormones also play a vital role in decisions. According to Partrick (2008), â€Å"people have novelty to seek and promote competitiveness socially.† The production of hormones promotes human action, because the original occurrences on the media influence their social approvals. Effects of the media on growth and development Social, emotional, behavioural, physical and cognitive growths are very important aspects influencing social behaviou r. Analysis of some developmental life-span stages indicates the possibility of determining influences brought about by the media. There are unique kind of behavioural pattern to expect after a distinctive episode on the media, thus the need to suggest developmental concerns and appropriate actions. Human beings have to make decisions based on the challenges at hand. They face many disputes such as inevitable physical changes and parental or peer pressure especially over making decisions on impulsive activities (Kendall, 2006). These transitional issues are of critical concerns regarding identity, choices, self-esteem and emotional development. Their appearance to others is equally an important issue; because of they believe that everyone has unique problems, and all the public attention focuses particularly upon these issues. People often face the challenges of discovering their identity in terms of vocation, relationship, sexuality, gender, life interests, personality, culture a nd most importantly parental background (Kendall, 2006). Abusive media may cause conflicts, because of the need to find a desirable social lifestyle or freedom, especially during the emotionally stressing moments. Conclusion Pressure from the media should serve the role of determining and moulding the right character in a person. This is arguably the reason why people mainly mimic their parent’s lifestyles. Parental pressure is more often hard to resist because it is equally very hard to notice. It is therefore important to know that personal choices are very important even when the parental pressure is irresistible.Advertising Looking for research paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The strongest predictor and controller of media abuse or negative influence to the social lives, particularly among the youth and children is the parent. The parents assist in defining the usage and warn on the media effects. The parental pressure relates to modelling social lifestyles. References Browne, K. (2006). Introducing Sociology for AS Level. Oxford, UK: Polity Publishers Kendall, D. (2008). Sociology in Our Times: The Essentials. Kentucky, KY: Cengage Learning Publishers Nash, K. (2010). Contemporary Political Sociology: Globalization, Politics and Power. (Second Ed). Oxford, UK: John Wiley and Sons. Print Newman, D.M., (2009).Sociology: Exploring the Architecture of Everyday Life. Los Angeles, L.A.: Pine Forge Press, Partrick, B. J. (2008). Adolescents and Risk: Making Sense of Adolescents Psychology. Praeger Publishers

Child adolence and development Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Child adolence and development - Research Paper Example In my days as a child, I was carefree with no worries at all. I would wander like a deer upon the open fields. I enjoyed various natural beauties in the gardens together with my other friends. The days gone are gone forever. What I have are only memories that remain in my mind. The memories make me cry and laugh at times. Nevertheless, it is impossible to cut out them from life. For such reasons, childhood memories are said to be the sweetest in man’s life. I also got several memories of my childhood life. The memories present the sweetest time of my mind. My childhood memories are indeed sweet. No one can forget his/her childhood experiences whether painful or pleasant. I still remember my childhood life very well. I was born in the suburbs of Illinois where I spent my childhood. My father was employed by the government. Home was a simple house where we lived happily together with my parents, sisters and brothers. That is not all; there was another family member. That is my grandmother. She was humble and affectionate. I remember her trying to teach me recite some sayings and quotes. That was at an early age and my mind weak to capture them, speaking was still difficult task. She showed love to me most than other family members. The memories are bitter for I lost her a few years ago. Am lucky for my parents are still alive up to today. Both mum and dad have been by best teachers in language. They taught me how to pronounce simple words like â€Å"no†, â€Å"yes†, â€Å"come†, and â€Å"go†. There was a ground in front of our house. Paddy and other crops had grown in the ground. The beautiful golden color of the paddy field attracted me a lot. Every afternoon, I walked to the playground through the paddy field. The paddy plants always touched me. I got mixed up in the midst of the beauty of nature. I loudly named each flower as I went by playing. Though the names hardly meant anything, but at least I was better than

E-commerce in Arab Countries, What are the Benefits Article

E-commerce in Arab Countries, What are the Benefits - Article Example According to the paper findings since there are several countries in the Arab region, data related to e-commerce and internet usage in some of the important Arab countries like Saudi Arabia, UAE, Kuwait, Egypt etc. will be mentioned and interpreted in the research report. Once a clear idea is obtained about the e-commerce in Arab countries, the findings will then be compared with the present situation of e-commerce in UK. After this comparative analysis, the research will aim at finding various obstacles to e-commerce in Arab countries. In addition to that research will also endeavour to find out the basic concepts and the major benefits of e-commerce. The major aim of this research is to gain an insight of current situation prevailing in Arab countries regarding the e-commerce. The current situation can be evaluated by finding out the total value of e-commerce in these countries, number of users, extent of involvement of people and business house etc. Furthermore the research also tries to analyse the present e-commerce situation in UK for comparing it with the situation in Arab countries. In addition to it, this research also aims to identify the factors that act as obstacles in Arab countries. E-commerce has several benefits which are expected to have significant effects on the people and the economy of a particular country. This research is conducted with the purpose of identifying the benefits of e-commerce and their effects on Arab countries. This is the major objective of this research paper apart from the others that are mentioned above.

Contract Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 5

Contract Law - Essay Example In the case of Bell,3 the court ascertained that in the event of an occurrence of common mistakes that undermines the subject of the agreement it renders that contract void. The law recognizes three types of common mistakes namely, res extincta, res sua and mistake on the basis of quality and personality of the subject matter of the contract. Res axtincta is a common mistake where the parties enter into a contract to acquire something that does that both parties are unaware of its non-existence.4 res sua is a common mistake where one party forms an agreement with the other to acquire the interest in something already that party has, but without the knowledge of either party. Finally, a common mistake on the basis of quality is where the parties form an agreement to perform something different from what they thought it was.5 A common mistake can limit the parties to the contract from reaching an agreement because the parties are incapable of establishing corresponding offer and acceptance on an essential issue of the agreement.6 Also, even when parties have reached an agreement, there is a shared mistake in relation to the associated circumstance. Under the English Common law, the common mistakes might undermine the contract by rendering it completely void.7 However, unless the issues are serious it might not be necessary for the parties to seek legal intervention, even though, the parties could not have entered into the agreement had they known the true position at the time they were forming the contract.8 Equitable jurisdiction refers to a structure of integrity considered to enhance the common law by taking action in an equitable and rational manner that results in just outcome.9 Under equitable jurisdiction, the parties to the contract are prohibited from enforcing their legal rights in case it was unacceptable for them to do so. The essence of equitable jurisdiction is to ensure no party takes

The Portrayal Of Women In Film Film Studies Essay

The Portrayal Of Women In Film Film Studies Essay I have chosen the following question. To what extent do you agree with the statement that the female in film is on display, passive and purely there because of her to be looked-at-ness? Women in my opinion have been the subject of eye candy in films and are not that often respected. Yes, there are a number of films about the power that woman can show along with the control to be on a par with men. But, they still show them as voyeuristic and sexual items. Most of Hollywoods films have men in control and makes use of the male gaze (that is, the audience sees what they see about the female). Women are characteristically on the receiving end of that gaze. According to Mulvey: In a world of sexual imbalance, pleasure in looking has been split between active/male and passive/female. The determining male gaze projects its fantasy on the female figure which is styled accordingly. In my paper and my assessment of females on display I will be looking mainly at Tomb Raider (Simon West, US, 2001) about the adventures of Lara Croft. The character is played by and stars Angeline Jolie. I will also take a look at another film also starring Angelina Jolie Mr and Mrs Smith (Doug Liman, USA, 2005). Firstly Tomb Raider. This film follows the success of a popular video game where as an adventurer you are taken through many seemingly impossible swashbuckling events to win the game. Like other characters, she must save the world. But when interviewed about her movie and her part in it she even talks about her to-be-looked at character. Angelina Jolie states Cmon, Im not so flat chested to begin with, she said. So it wasnt like we had to completely change me. You know, we just had to enhance me a little. Im a 36C. Lara, shes a 36D. And in the game, shes a double D, so we took her down some. But we did give her a bit of padding there. For me, it was simply one size, so it was like having a padded bra. So we are looking here at an almost virtual body that can satisfy desires and highlights her enthusiasm to play a real human but at the same time to invest erotically in a fictional character. Can we see anything else at times other than her being on display? We are also looking at Tomb Raider as a voyeuristic gaze. Although Lara Croft is a woman she is giving us the female version of Indiana Jones but she lacks the fully realized three-dimensional qualities male counterparts usually show, as she is seen as Incredibly hot-n-juicy, and although playing probably the best action heroine the quality of the story dictates that she alone is probably the reason to see this movie. It appears that despite the move towards a masculine role as a woman the effort to mould her into a positive figure is difficult in a society because she is a woman. In an influential academic paper in 2002, Helen W. Kennedy said the question surrounding Lara Croft was simple is she a positive role model for young girls or just that perfect combination of eye and thumb candy for the boys?. It appears that (West) the producer wanted to set the film in a marketable form potentially appealing to both male and female audiences. Particularly to at the time girlpower and the emerging ladette culture. This as Helen Kennedy says centres around playing lads at their own game but still seen primarily addressing a male audience. Lets look at the first five minutes of Tomb Raider it gives an appropriate insite into what is to be seen in the rest of the film. The opening sequences spend a lot of time focussing on Laras body. To begin with the shot of her face is from a particularly low angle, perhaps to express her dominance over the impending scene, but is more likely for the audience to see empathised breasts. It goes on to show several gratuitous shots of Laras crotch and thighs. What is also interesting is that the sound has been exaggerated and the moans and screams while Lara is fighting the robot have clearly been digitised louder, thus supporting Mulveys theory of voyeurism. Take a look at the photo below of Lara Croft. Notice she looks directly at you as a person and could be construed as a gesture of her awareness of herself as the object of the male gaze. (2001) Tomb Raider [online image] http://www.comicbookmovie.com/fansites/LetsCutTheBS/news/?a=7733 (Accessed 30th April 2010) Another film with Angelina Jolie that represents a completely different type of format is Mr and Mrs Smith (Doug Liman, USA, 2005). This time the film is about a bored married couple who are surprised to learn that they are both assassins hired by competing agencies to kill each other. Whereas Lara Croft was shown very much eye candy, in this film the attempt is to show empowerment of woman to do the same role as a man. Uunfortunately Hollywood still insist on showing the female character as a tasteful, soft-core fantasy. Jolie (Janet Smith in the film) is depicted as a fiery, professional assassin. Just where the point in the film of her wearing a PVC corset with a little matching micro-skirt thing, bears no relationship at all to the genre the film is trying to depicts. This time looking at a still from the film which is themed as a nonstop action movie like the Bourne identity series (Doug Liman, USA, 2002) Angelina Jolie is still shown in parts of the film as a voyeuristic woman on display. (2005) Mr and Mrs Smith [online image] http://www.aceshowbiz.com/images/still/mr_mrs_smith07.jpg (accessed 4th May 2010) Conclusion Of course I appreciate these are my personal opinions and how I see womans role in the film industry. One question comes to mind-why cant women be portrayed as strong, intelligent and empowered as well as being sexually attractive? I am not trying to say that women have to be either stupid, pretty, ugly or clever. I am not saying that beautiful women cant be empowered and vice versa, what it is merely questioning is why the film makers feel the need to spend more time focussing on the body, appearance and sexuality of the female characters than they do the male characters. There needs greater focus on the characters intelligence or ability and more focus on the aesthetic than on the plot itself. Which, really, is the reason most people go to watch a film in the first place. Bibliography Visual Pleasure and Narrative Cinema (1975) Laura Mulvey Originally Published Screen 16.3 Autumn 1975 pp. 6-18 http://www.jahsonic.com/VPNC.htm Lara Croft: Feminist Icon or Cyberbimbo?- Helen W Kennedy Originally Published-School of Cultural Studies, University of the West of England. pp. 4-5 http://www.gamestudies.org/0202/kennedy/ Mr and Mrs Smith (2005) Copyright  © The 20th Century Fox. All Rights Reserved. pp. 5 http://www.aceshowbiz.com/images/still/mr_mrs_smith07.jpg Movie minutiae Lara Croft Tomb Raider 2001 Originally published by Vivien Cuttle, 15th February 2008. pp.1 http://blogs.abc.net.au/articulate/2008/02/movie-minutia-1.html Back to the future for Lara Croft Originally published by the BBC on 10th May 2007. pp. 1 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/technology/6641833.stm

Searle’s Solution to the Missing Object Problem :: Searle Philosophy Philosophical Essays

Let us imagine that to play a joke on her new friend Suzy, Jenny tells her all about her cocker spaniel. Jenny tells Suzy that her dog’s name is Sally, that Sally has long blonde hair, and that she loves to eat table scraps. The only problem is that Sally does not really exist  ¾ but Jenny doesn’t tell this to Suzy. Because of this, Suzy forms all sorts of beliefs about Jenny’s cocker spaniel. She believes that it is named Sally, that it has long blonde hair and loves to eat table scraps, and perhaps a few other beliefs. She also forms desires regarding the dog  ¾ she wants to meet Sally, to play fetch with her, and to buy her a doggie treat. Suzy, therefore, has many beliefs and desires regarding Sally the cocker spaniel  ¾ and all of this in spite of the fact that Sally does not really exist at all. In orchestrating this prank, Jenny thought she was merely playing a simple trick on her friend. But in succeeding at this, she has brought about a s ignificant philosophical dilemma. If Sally the cocker spaniel does not exist, then what are all of Suzy’s beliefs and desires about? This is the problem of â€Å"objectless directedness.† Mental states like believing and desiring are understood to be directed at things; they are intentional states, and every intentional state must have an intentional object. If I have a belief that Michael Jordan is the best basketball player of all time, or that Bush is a good wartime President, then these are beliefs about, respectively, Michael Jordan and George Bush. If I have a desire to meet the Pope, or to have a hamburger, then these desires are directed at the Pope and a hamburger, respectively. But in Suzy’s case, the supposed intentional object of her beliefs and desires  ¾ Sally the cocker spaniel  ¾ turned out not to exist at all. So did the beliefs and desires have an intentional object at all? And if so, what was it? In addressing this problem, this paper will explicate and argue for a solution given by John Searle in his book, Intentionality. After briefly

Exploring The Concept Of Forest Management Environmental Sciences Essay

The wood is a complex ecosystem dwelling chiefly of trees that buffer the Earth and back up a battalion of life signifiers. Numerous ecological maps are carried out by the wood. Therefore one must be careful in the managing and conserving of the forest. Trees can make environment which in bend affect the sort of animate beings and workss that can be in the wood. However the most of import function trees carry out is the purification of air. Trees are capable of refilling supplies of O in the ambiance and taking out harmful C dioxide, which is done in a cyclic procedure. Other than these environmental functions, the wood may be manipulated to give economic benefits through lumber harvest home which is normally practise by legion states across the Earth. It must be noted that economic benefits of the wood may besides run to non-timber merchandises. â€Å" Forest direction is the application of appropriate proficient forestry rules, patterns, and concern techniques to the direction of a wood to accomplish the proprietor ‘s aims. † Pull offing of a forest correctly may give legion benefits. Guyana is a comparatively little state which is situated on the nor'-east seashore of Latin America, along the Atlantic Ocean. It has a entire land country of 21.4 million hectares of which 16.9 million hectares are forested lands. This means that more than 75 % of the state is considered forested countries. As a consequence of holding such a high per centum of forested countries, a proper wood direction system is needed. Most of the state ‘s wood are still integral and are non being threatened due to the effects of agribusiness. However, the woods of Guyana are being threatened by deforestation. It is estimated that the annual deforestation rate is someplace between 0.1 % and 0.3 % . This deforestation is caused chiefly by the effects of the enlargement of the excavation industry. All forest that is non on private belongings is allocated to the province and is termed province wood. 13.6 million hectares of the forested land is deemed province land. More specifically, 5.8 milli on hectares of the designated province land are for commercial usage, while 500,000 hectares are allocated for research and protection, 63,000 hectares is outside the legal power of the forest service, and eventually, more that 58 % of the province ‘s wood is fundamentally untasted in relation to commercial usage. In Guyana province wood may be of seven ( 7 ) types: Permanent production woods – in which the rules regulating the sustainable direction of woods shall be applied. Permanent protection woods and biodiversity militias – in which, because of the exposure of the forest ecosystem, no tree felling or other types of wood use shall be permitted, and in which representative countries of biodiversity shall be inviolate. Reserve forests – woods which are yet to be classified, and on which no development shall be permitted. Extractive woods – woods reserved for the sole use of their non-timber wood merchandises. Multiple usage forests – woods to be utilised for the concurrent production and proviso of goods ( lumber and non-timber ) and services. Permanent research forests – woods devoted entirely to research. Conversion woods – woods to be cleared for other utilizations. By categorising the State Forest proper pull offing and monitoring can be achieved. This is so because assorted classs permit limited activity and besides place type of type of activity done within specific Forest countries. This method of pull offing State Forest with adequate enforcement ensures sustainable usage of the forest. Sustainable usage is all about utilizing resources in parts that may non impact future coevalss. The proper direction of Guyana ‘s wood is achieved through the application and enforcement of policies, these of which includes reaping policies that permits peculiar activities in a given forested country. One of which governs forest reaping licenses. There are four ( 4 ) classs of forest reaping licenses in Guyana: – Timber gross revenues understandings ( TSAs ) : grants are granted on a rental for 20 old ages or more over an country of 24,000 hectares or more. Wood cutting rentals ( WCLs ) : licenses are granted on 3-10-year rentals theoretically for countries of 8,000-24,281 hectares State forest licenses ( SFPs ) : film editing licenses are granted on an one-year footing for countries of province forest up to 8,094 hectares in size. Exploratory licenses: before a WCL or a TSA is issued, a three-year exploratory period is granted in order to garner all the necessary information for the readying of an investing proposal. In 1998, the Guyana Forestry Commission ( GFC ) introduced a Code of Practice for Timber Harvesting based on FAO ‘s Model Code of Forest Practice ; the codification, which was revised in 2002, prescribes internationally recognized criterions for exclusion countries and buffer zones, 100 % pre-harvest stock list, route building, felling, skidding, hauling, operational and camp hygiene, and occupational wellness and safety. Besides exclusion countries and buffer zones, the codification besides restricts logging on inclines greater than 40 % and sets a minimal distance of 10 m between crop trees to minimise the size of canopy gaps. Other policy enforced includes the film editing of trees of a peculiar diameter, 34cm. This promotes the proper development of trees that would give quality and efficient lumber, therefore small waste would be since it would be a offense to log a tree whose diameter is lower than that mentioned above. A log-tagging system to help the monitoring of lumber harvest home and cut down illegal film editing has been in consequence since 1999. The Log Tracking System in Guyana provides noticeable grounds on the legitimacy, location and magnitude of forest operations. The Log Tracking System presently applies to all operations, including those on State Forests, Amerindian Reservations and Private Properties and is linked to the State Forest Permit ( SFP ) Quota System. This is an inaugural to command the volume of green goods harvested. The Log Tracking System is regulated by the usage of Log Tags which are assigned to legal operators at the beginning of an operator ‘s one-year reclamation of his State Forest Permit license and are available to the operator free of charge. An operator ‘s quota ( forest green goods volume ) is first calculated by a formula estimation of the sustained output which considers the size of the forest country and captures the minimal log reaping variables of droping rhythm, droping distance and minimal girth. The quota is equated to the figure of standing trees which will give this volume ; and it is the figure of trees computed that indicates the figure of tickets to be issued ( one ticket is tantamount to one standing tree ) . Each operator is allocated a figure of tags equivalent to his sustained output and is recognised by a alone sequence of Numberss assigned to that operation. How the tagging system works – Log tagging is done at the stump where one half of the ticket is affixed to the stump at the clip of felling and the other portion bearing the same sequence of Numberss as recorded on the stump ticket, is affixed to the green goods being conveyed. All forest green goods including logs, timber, hemorrhoids, poles and stations are tagged. It is the alone Numberss of each ticket assigned that indicates who the operator is and hence is able to bespeak the geographic beginning of the forest green goods within the Forest Estate.RecommendationsThere is a deficiency in supervising the activities of individuals involved in the forestry sector. This would promote corruptness and breaching of contracts, in which instance, the policies and/or ordinances that apply to the contract may non be adhered to, which would finally ensue in hapless or weak forest direction execution. This is why there should be proper monitoring plans in topographic point. For this to be successful there is a demand for more human resources to take on the undertaking of supervising forest activities. One other weak point in the direction of Guyana ‘s Forests would be the fact that unqualified individuals in the lumber industry are issued licenses and rentals, which means that they may non be experienced or educated adequate to set many of these techniques into efficient pattern. Besides, although there is a plan to place protected countries such as Iwokrama, the country of wholly protected woods is low and there is non adequate control and direction in protected countries. Guyana lacks in trained and qualified forces to help in direction, so despite the fact that direction techniques are in topographic point, the existent execution or executing may non be up to standard. Education plans or the usage of good qualified persons should be applied to help in proper executing of direction techniques.INTERNATIONAL EXAMPLE OF FOREST MANAGEMENTChina Forest Management SystemIn footings of forested land, China has 175 million hectares of wood and 12.5 billion three-dimensional metres of forest stock. This is ranked as 5th and 6th severally in the universe. However, despite these facts China is still considered a forest – lacking state. This is so since its forest resources merely histories for 4 % of the universe ‘s wood and China ‘s forested country per capita of 0.13 hectares is far below the universe norm of 0.65. Coevalss of over development, disease and fires have reduced its forest coverage to 18 % of its land mass, ranking its 0.13 hectares of forest per capita at 134 globally, less than one-fourth the universe norm. The job of deforestation in China day of the months back to some clip, where the measure and the quality of forest resources in China aggressively decreased during the collectivisation period ( 1958-82 ) . The tendency farther accentuated at the beginning of the 1980s, insecure ownership rights taking husbandmans to clear woods after the family duty system was extended to forestlands. Besides the sustained economic growing of China has led to a rush in demand for forest merchandises. The building roar including house edifice in both metropoliss and rural countries, and the lifting demand for educational and cultural activities have been of import factors driving the crisp addition in demand and in quality demands for wood stuffs, furniture, paper and poster board. Confronting the ecological effects of forest over-exploitation and the turning force per unit area from the demand side ; the Chinese authorities has radically reoriented its wood policy over the last 20 old ages, by travel ing from a lumber production scheme to resources and ecosystem preservation and Restoration. The recent end of China is to increase its forest coverage to 26 % by 2050. In its direction of forest plan China has implemented six ( 6 ) policies ; Natural Forest Protection Program The aim of this was to implement logging prohibition along the upper ranges of Yangtze and Yellow rivers. Conversion of Fragile Farmland to Forest Program Its aim was to retrieve cultivated incline land and fragile grain land and turn them into woods or grassland. Desertification Control Program For this policy it entailed an addition in grass, bushs and trees by 5.2 million hectares to halt and change by reversal transition to abandon in some countries. This benefited the ecological environment in that the undertaking country has been dramatically improved with the increasing forest flora screen ; the income of the husbandmans increased. Aggressive Commercial Plantation Program For this plan Government designated suited countries for plantation constitution in 18 eastern and southwesterly states, this resulted in an addition in the domestic lumber supply and provided sustainable rural economic development. Wildlife preservation and natural militias development plan This is an incorporate direction attack which seeks both impermanent and lasting solutions that shall be adopted in order to react to the clime alteration and cut down the C dioxide content in the ambiance. On one manus, industrial steps shall be taken to cut down the emanation of nursery gas, on the other manus, biological steps including forestry-related 1s shall be adopted in order to efficaciously absorb and repair C dioxide and better the adaptability to the clime alteration. Forest shelter-belt plan From the late seventiess to the present, a large-scale afforestation plan called the â€Å" Three Norths Forest Shelterbelt † plan was carried out to battle desertification and control dust storms in China. However, few elaborate and systemic appraisals have evaluated its success despite the immense investing in the plan, its long-run, the extended country covered by the plan and the importance of battling desertification and commanding dust storms. By execution of these policies china has been able to pull off its forest more sustainably and at that place have been important betterments that are seeable. Pull offing its woods efficaciously is seen as cardinal if the wood sector is to accomplish sustainable development. Returning farming area to forest along with the other cardinal undertakings has already achieved a step of success. The natural woods in the upper ranges of the Yangtze River and Yellow River are no longer being logged and protective woods have been planted along the midstream and downstream subdivisions of the major rivers in China. Regulations are in force protecting immature woods, natural woods and forestalling the of import protective woods from being logged. The most of import factor in the direction of its forest trades with ownership. In 2003, China launched a reform of its corporate wood term of office. The purpose was to promote more single duty and stimulate greater engagement in forest direction, cut downing the portion of corporate direction. Under these reforms, private persons may now ‘own ‘ the corporate woods by subscribing legal contracts and having authorized forest certifications. This confers to the new proprietors the right to use the forest lands for 70 old ages. More rights such as transportations and mortgage are authorized to the persons every bit good. Until now, the corporate woods have tended to be managed ill compared to in private owned woods. Corporate wood husbandmans have tended to reap more and put less. In contrast, when the woods have become in private owned, the forest husbandmans have planted more trees and taken a more long-run position in pull offing their forest land. During the reform period, China ‘s forest resources have increased in both country and stock volume. This encouraging tendency is the consequence of both afforestation activities and increasing attempts made by the authorities to protect woods with the execution of large-scale national plans concentrating on natural wood protection and plantation development. Despite its positive impact on China ‘s forest resources, the recent displacement of forest policies from resource development to resource protection besides contributes to a farther decrease of domestic lumber supply possible, already tightly constrained by historical over-harvesting and by the low productiveness and inappropriate age construction of bing woods. Within Chinas each territory metropolis, metropolis and county authorities has a forestry disposal authorization, normally named the Forestry Bureau or Greening Committee. These governments are responsible for implementing policies and ordinances issued by higher-level authorities bureaus ; oversing and measuring public presentation ; carry oning forest resource stock lists and forest operations layout ; steering province forest farms, corporate wood farms, and local husbandmans ; and interceding land term of office conflicts. The capacity of local forestry agency or greening commissions mostly depends on the local authorities ‘s economic position. Rich metropoliss and counties tend to hold higher capacity and better installations. Every town has a forestry station affiliated to the county ‘s forestry agency. These Stationss assist the township authorities to fix an one-year forestry program, look into afforestation consequences, verify one-year logging quotas and logging sites in woods managed by collectives and local husbandmans, aid to look into and manage land term of office struggles, protect forest resources, and supply proficient aid to local husbandmans. Most forestry Stationss have low capacity and are ill maintained because of support deficits. Take for illustration Guangdong in China, which is comparatively rich, economically developed country with good market entree started their afforestation plan in 1985 ; where the state achieved its mark two old ages in front of agenda.RecommendationRemoving the logging prohibition and reforming broader forest regulative model, taking into peculiar history how they affect the rights and inducements of corporate wood proprietors, and so one time a sound model is in topographic point, presenting strong steps against over-harvesting and illegal logging. Revisiting the planned plantation plan and measure whether this is the most efficient economically, socially, and environmentally sound manner for fulfilling the future demand of mush in China. Implementing the Natural forest protection plan was based on the demand to stabilise dirts and change by reversal the dirt and H2O debasement caused by unsustainable patterns. Replacing the wood supply with illicitly logged stuff from other states merely exports the environmental debasement instead than better upon it. Anecdotal grounds indicates that unsustainable illegal harvest home is increasing in Russia and Asia to countervail the decreased lumber supplies from the execution if the NFPP. Policies need to be developed to guarantee that the beginning for imported wood is known in order to do the NFPP policy more effectual. Bettering and implementing relevant Torahs and ordinances and policy mechanism. The Forest Law and Wildlife Conservation Law demand to be revised, and particular Torahs and ordinances including Law on Nature Reserves, and Rules and Regulations on Wetland Conservation, Nature Forest Conservation and Forests, Trees and Forest Land Use Rights Circulation must be promulgated every bit shortly as possible. It is to add and escalate the legal commissariats reacting to climate alteration in relevant Torahs and ordinances. Law enforcement system and dynamic supervising mechanism demand to be improved and jurisprudence enforcement and review be enhanced. Tree-planting mark direction duty of the authoritiess at different degrees and greening duty of different sections should be continuously improved, signifiers of countrywide compulsory tree seting be developed and relevant policies be made. Fund and proficient inputs need to be increased and policy support be provided. It is to put up long-ru n and effectual working mechanism of China ‘s forestry get bying with clime alteration.ComparisonOverall, the Chinese method of forest direction seems to be more efficient and effectual as compared to that of Guyana. This is made clear when sing the deficiency of security related with the licenses issued in Guyana ‘s forest direction techniques. It tends to deter investings in State Forest Management, because of the short clip allocated for the rentals. The short clip span provides small confidence that the investor will hold continued entree rights to the same grant country in the hereafter beyond the life of the rental. This therefore encourages inordinate logging activities along with other unsustainable patterns. Where the Chinese direction is concerned, this is prevented because they have extended rentals as compared to the Guyana with clip periods of approximately 60 to 80 old ages in some instances. This prevents the issue of inordinate logging since the proprieto rs of the rental can non afford to recklessly cut down trees. By publishing rentals for extended periods this put the direction of the forest in the well-thought-of companies given the grant to log, hence if given a 80 twelvemonth lease the company must so pull off logging activities in such a manner that it may be profitable for the allotted rental period. Improper managing of the grant in these instances would help in the hurt of the company. In Guyana there is a deficiency of policies or proper execution in instances of natural catastrophes such as El Nino triping forest fires which can take to big multitudes of woods being destroyed without any agencies of recovery. This is non so in China, since they have in topographic point, a policy that takes into consideration proper solution to battle effects of natural catastrophe, ( Shelter Belt Program in China ) . Besides in China there is a Conversion of Fragile Farmland to Forest Program which was mentioned. For this policy, the Chinese would works forest trees or grasslands on parts of land that were officially used for farming or agricultural intents which would hold been left after being exhausted to some extent, abandoned, or no longer executable for cultivation. It fundamentally makes usage of that land that would hold otherwise been left unattended. Planting of forest trees in these countries would in bend lead to maximal use of lost land for re-afforestation. Form research done it is clear that there is no such plan in Guyana, nevertheless there were some sum of re-afforestation in the backwoodss but these plans were ne'er truly analyzed decently to find the effectivity or benefits of it. In China there is a commercial plantation plan where trees are planted in certain countries for logging intents merely. This in bend maintains a systematic attack towards logging. There is a similar pattern in Guyana where there are different types of province wood allocated for different intents such as forested countries that are protected to continue diverseness, modesty woods: woods which are yet to be classified, and on which no development shall be permitted and forested countries for logging merely.

True Reasons We Love Super Bowl

True Reasons We Love Super Bowl Super Bowl is the most popular show among Americans. In a bit more than a week the whole nation will be glued to the screen to see the game. And there is a number of reasons for that! Loving NFL is a long lasting tradition, so nobody actually asks questions like Why watch Super Bowl? or Why do you like Super Bowl? or (God forbid) What is Super Bowl? However, we decided to bring these wonderful Super Bowl things together to make your week of game anticipation even more exciting. This post is also for Super Bowl haters. You still time to change your mind start loving Super Bowl (because in week its going to be too late!) Bringing Folks Together Okay, maybe there’s a fair amount of other things going on in this world that need more attention. And yes, it would be nice if we saw the same passion and fervor for civil rights and personal liberties these days. But at least this magical game, when the best of the best go head to head and the commenters are flipping out, brings people together in sports bars and living rooms across the land. Chanting, cheering, stumbling around, and pretty much going quasi-insane for a few hours. It’s good fun. And listen, Super Bowl parties run the whole gauntlet from two dudes in their boxers in their dorm room eating Cheetos from the vending machine on the first floor†¦to blockbuster block parties and after-parties that literally anger the gods. It proves that whether you want it or not football is a part of our national heritage†¦a part of the DNA, to be more precise. Special Food Chips and dips, wings and BBQ feasts, casseroles galore Super Bowl food comes in many different nuances of class and sophistication. There’s your cheap and dirty munchies finished off with piss beer and then all the more â€Å"adult† parties where they take some time to make decent grub: gourmet sandwiches, tiny sirloin burgers, high-brow quesadillas, etc. If you get invited to one of these parties start counting your blessings! The food rocks no matter what though. And, while the game’s going it doesn’t matter if it’s the most fattening food in the known galaxy. Halftime Commercials Rule Corporations pull out all the stops, it’s madness! Throughout the rest of the year most commercials are like Super Villain fingernails carving words into chalk boards. Then suddenly, this one spellbinding game comes around and almost all the commercials are either super-deep thinker-pieces, or funny as hell. According to superbowl-commercials.org (yep, there’s a website for everything), here are a couple big hits from 2014: NSA – Smile, We Know When You’re Not (youtube.com/watch?v=NcAEjvT-Ri8#t=97) A commercial like this can only happen during a Super Bowl. AXE – Make Love, Not War (youtube.com/watch?v=UIecNEIaPao) It makes sense during the Super Bowl, everything does. Oh man, then you’ve got the halftime show, which, let’s be honest, is pretty hit or miss. Some years it’s dull or you’re laughing all over the place. But some years, wow, the show knocks your socks off and typically delivers some controversy to boot! In case you’re wondering, the Billboard list of the Best Half-Time shows claims these are the top 3 so far: Prince, in 2007: â€Å"But the explosive coda was Purple Rain, which had the stadium full of testosterone-pumped football fanatics waving their arms and howling in falsetto.† U2, in 2002: This was the mega-heart-wrenching tribute to 9/11 set when the wound was still very deep and fresh for the nation. Madonna, 2012: This got some pretty mixed reviews. But that’s the beauty of it, there are winners and losers in every aspect of the game, even in terms of entertainment. Rivalries Are Fun True, it’s not so cool when these rivalries get out of hand and people riot after football games. But to be honest, sports rivalries are much safer than wars, battles, revolutions, civil upheaval, geopolitical struggles, and all the other sorts of violent ways people create to release some steam. The Super Bowl let’s people who love the game really beat up a few pillows, scream at TVs, throw controllers, pull out a little hair, tear a jersey or two, and stomp around like they’ve got the last of their savings account riding on the game. Great Success Stories We follow NFL for the whole year. We know the players and all about them what coffee they drink, how their girlfriends look like and their football career, of course. We know the strengths and weaknesses of each team. And one day here they are on the field. The struggle begins. Each move counts. Each moment can be decisive. One big winning or a big failure. Fans rage. Thats the atmosphere where the legends are born. These stories are remembered and passed from generation to generation. These stories inspire. So, each Super Bowl is legendary and cant be missed for anything on earth. And that’s why we love the Super Bowl! Are there any reasons you like Super Bowl that we didnt mention! Agree or disagree with us in the comments!

Charge of the Light Brigade Essays

Charge of the Light Brigade Essays Charge of the Light Brigade Paper Charge of the Light Brigade Paper which shows a dramatic recreation for the reader of the events which occurred. This is followed by a temporary pause of relief, which is followed by the line but someone was still yelling and fumbling, which portrays the agony of incompetent movement. The use of three ss shows urgency because of the repetition, which is significant because it depicts the excruciating exigency to fit their helmets in time. In the final section, Owen directs his criticism towards pro-war poets, specifically Jessie Pope, whom he hated for the excitement she instigated through her ignorance. It ends with the lines from which the title was derived, described as the old lie, which refers to nineteenth centaury poetry, e. g. Henry V, because of the word old. By referring to it as a lie, he is attacking these poems, which not only explains the irony of the poems title, but also reinforces Owens position of communicating the realties of trench warfare. In conclusion, the tradition of war poetry has evolved as the publics awareness of its realities gas changed. One of the poets who actively developed war poetry after 1914 was Wilfred Owen, who passionately hated the way in which war was glamorised and made to appear exciting and honourable. His poetry was contrasting to the majority of pre-1914 poetry, but is now the most widely recognized and remembered.

Nursing curricullum Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

Nursing curricullum - Essay Example the clinical setting entails role modelling, influencing others, improving care and considering situational leadership particularly when in communication with different parties in all situations1. Practice based learning, on the other hand, helps in providing experience and serves a pivotal role in development of skills among students in interacting with their families and patients2. The students assist in interpersonal, technical, psychomotor and communication skills. Practice based learning gives students an opportunity to link practice and theory while promoting professional identity development. By ensuring that specific standards are dully met alongside the assessment in practice, practice based learning, effectively ensures students are well informed for practice before registration. Because of the vocation nature of the nurses’ jobs, practice based learning serves a crucial role in the professionalism of nursing and it helps in safeguarding the public, as well as in ass essment of the clinical competency of the nurses. This study analyses the factors that impact on how students integrate into the practice setting, as well as the assessment and accountability processes in the learning practice. There are five factors that impact on how students integrate into the practice settings. These are orienting the learner to the practice setting, encouraging the patient acceptance of the learner and the role of the practice as a teaching facility, adapting the patient schedule while working with the learner, keeping the flow going, and finding some time to teach the students3. The efficient and effective orientation includes the establishment of a system that can orient learners to help assure the teacher that he or she will be able to cover all the relevant points with each learner. Some preceptors tend to use checklist in reminding the learners of the topics that are to be covered while clarifying his or her expectation4. If learners are made to be available

INTRODUCTION TO FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT-unit 3, question # 2 Essay

INTRODUCTION TO FINANCIAL MANAGEMENT-unit 3, question # 2 - Essay Example This is achieved by randomly selecting observations from all the distributions that influence the outcome of the project and this goes on until a representative record of the probable outcome of the project is obtained. An illustration for this is a chemical producer who wants to extend its processing plant. The first step will be to determine the probability distributions for all factors that will influence the returns of the project such as investment required, fixed costs, operation costs, selling price, market size among others. After this, the computer randomly picks out one observation from this list according to the chances of its actual occurrence in the future. The observations are then combined and a Net Present Value (NPV) or Internal Rate of Return (IRR) figure is calculated. This is repeated severally until a clear portrait of the expected outcome is obtained (Keown et al, 1998). Unlike the risk-adjusted discount rate method which gives one value for the risk-adjusted NPV, simulation gives the investment’s IRR or NPV probability distribution. According to Keown et al (1998), this method provides the range of possible outcomes for the project under the best, worst and most likely cases. It should also be noted that the inputs to a simulation comprises of all the key factors affecting the profitability of a project. In addition to this, the output obtained provides the probability of various outcomes occurring. This output is a probability distribution of the internal rates of return or the net present values for the project. From the above explanation, it is reasonable to state that the value of this method is quality decision making. Decision makers will use the whole range of possible outcomes of the project to determine the level of risk of the project and use this information to make the most appropriate decisions. Simulation is also very important for the

Read Fast Food Nation. Identify the author's main argument. Find a Essay

Read Fast Food Nation. Identify the author's main argument. Find a theme that you plan to focus on in your analysis paper - Essay Example Down the way, the author reveals a load of thought-provoking and disturbing realities – the unscrupulous tie between fast food and the giant of Entertainment Industry and the transformations in the industry that have formed in the production of food products and the standard of culture. While the book is divided into two sections – â€Å"The American Way† and â€Å"Meat and Potatoes†, there is one theme that really that is showing up: convenience. As aforementioned, The Food Nation is divided into two sections. In â€Å"The American Way†, the author looks at the beginnings of the fast food industry within the framework of post World War II America. This describes how the idea of fast food cropped up and began to transform the food culture of America. In the â€Å"Meat and Potatoes†, the author investigates on the particular procedures of the fast food industry such as the development of the chemical flavoring, combination of spices and the li vestock production; the working conditions in related industries such as the poultry and the beef industries, and the worldwide perspective of fast food as an American way for imperializing the fast food industry. ... entertainment industry, particularly Hollywood, in raking more partakers of the industry; hence, a conversation between Ray Kroc and Walt Disney took place, pointing towards creating an integrated business model that would profit both industries. In this section of the book, the author also places a significant emphasis on the ideal and most effective methods of commercializing the food industry, that is, by targeting the kids’ population through Walt Disney’s advertisements.4 The Food Nation also touches on the role of the food industry in providing jobs to the American People: the fast food industry provides work for a large proportion of the American population (although most jobs pay low wages). Many fast food companies around the world are employing more employees than any other industry in America. This somehow implies of the growing fascination not just the American people but of the world population to the fast food industry. The contention of this review is the observation that the increasing attention to the food industry by the American people is driven by the deficiency of time. With the advent of the industrial era comes the continuing tightness and increasing workloads in the workplace, causing more time constraints on the part of the American people. In various sectors of the American society, the concern for time is much on an upward slope: there is a greater need for convenience in terms of eating and relaxation. Considering the fact the deficiency of time is already an issue, many people already prefer to eat outside; nevertheless, there are restaurants that are even worse in time consumption than cooking your food in the comfort of your own home. Some restaurants would take customers considerable amount of time before they can be served. This is

The Thin Line Between Love and Hate Essay Example for Free

The Thin Line Between Love and Hate Essay The actions of the believer while visiting the Houses of Allah must vary from his normal actions outside of the masjid. This is due to his awareness of the sacredness of this house. He keeps in mind at all times, that he is visiting a place that has been established for the worship of Allah, and therefore, that which takes place in it should be mainly focused on actions which draw one nearer to Allah. Subsequently, the following actions are forbidden: 1. Speaking loudly or about matters of no real importance Al Saeeb bin Yazeed mentioned: I was standing in the masjid one day when I felt someone pocking me. When I turned around I saw that it was ‘Umar bin al Khattab. He instructed me to bring him two men who were in the masjid raising their voices. When I brought him the two men ‘Umar asked them: Where are you from? They replied: We are from Taif. ‘Umar said: If you were from this city, I would have beaten you! You were raising your voices in the masjid of the Prophet?! (Sahih Bukhari) Sa’eed bin al Musayib mentioned: â€Å"When a person sits in a masjid, indeed he is sitting for the worship of his Lord, and therefore he should only speak with that which is good.† (Tafsir al Qurtubi) It is also befitting to remind those whom bring children to the Houses of Allah that they are responsible for monitoring their children and making sure their behaviour is not a disturbance to fellow worshippers. The Prophet of Allah (may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: â€Å"All of you are guardians, and everyone will be questioned concerning those under his care.†(Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim) Although this hadith is general, without a doubt, it applies to those whom accompany their children along with them to the Houses of Allah. The guardian should teach those in his care the correct manners of visiting the house of worship. He should not allow his child to run around and disturb others who are seeking nearness to Allah. If the child is too young and cannot be taught these manners, it is preferable to leave the child at home rather than cause disturbance to others within the masjid. 2. Reciting Quran loudly to the extent that it disturbs other worshippers Abu Sa’eed al Khudri reported that the Messenger of Allah (may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) heard some people reciting the Quran loudly in the masjid, whereupon he said to them: â€Å"All of you intend to call on his Lord, therefore you should not harm one another, nor should you raise your voices in recitation.† (Sunan Abi Dawud) In the above narration we have a clear prohibition from the Prophet with regards to disturbing others in the masjid, so what is the case with those who disturb others with vain talk, music on their cell phones, laughing and joking, etc?! No Muslim would doubt that recitation of the Quran is one of the most beloved actions to Allah, and even with its great status in Islam, the Prophet (may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) has forbidden that a person recites to the extent that he disturbs his fellow worshippers. This informs that those who disturb others with matters less in status than the Quran have indeed committed a grave wrong. 3. Crossing the path of someone praying The Prophet (may the peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: â€Å"If the person walking in front of someone praying knew the extent of his fault, it would be better for him to wait forty before crossing in front of someone praying.† (Sahih Bukhari and Sahih Muslim) In conclusion These were just a few etiquettes which we felt the need to remind ourselves and our brothers and sisters as it relates to attending the Houses of Allah.Allah knows best. May the peace and blessings of Allah be upon His final Prophet and Messenger, and upon his family members and companions.

observing smoking reducing stress and anxiety

observing smoking reducing stress and anxiety To observe either smoking reduces stress and anxiety. Like mostly smokers said that when they are under stress or anxiety and they smoke a cigarette then their stress relieved and they feel fresh and relaxed. In my research I would like to find either this is true or not. To observe persons psychological condition with smoking habit. In many studies it is shown that smoking habbit is also related to mental condition. I would like to find that students who smoke, whats their perspectives for smoking. To observe does smoking affects the general health of a person. I would like to find out whether the students who smoke have some health problem or not. Are they having any health problem after they starts smoking? Introduction Smoking is to inhale smoke of burning tobacco in the form of cigarettes, cigars etc. Some people occasionally smoke to relief their stress but smoking, as a habit is a physical addiction. Habitual smoking is also called psychological addiction by health experts. In the whole world, almost in every nation there is a warning written on every packet of cigarette that it is injurious to health. In spite of that lot of people find smoking is quite attractive. In UK approximately 120,000 people died every year due to smoking. Smoking is the major reason for sickness and early deaths. On an average non smokers live 10 yrs more than the smokers (webarchieve.nationalarchives.govt.uk.).So a smoker dies 10 yrs early as compare to a person who never smoke in his life. Tobacco contains more than 4000 chemicals, 69 of which known to produce cancer.90% lung cancer deaths are due to smoking. Main three components of tobacco are-nicotine, carbon monoxide and tar. All three of them cause diseases. Nic otine absorbs in blood stream and effected brain in 10 seconds. If a person is habitual smoker, whenever the level of nicotine drops in blood, withdrawal symptoms like craving, anxiety, restlessness, headaches arises. These are relieved when the person smokes. Thats why person smokes regularly to keep these symptoms away. Otherwise the smoker becomes anxious and irritable because of the withdrawal effect of nicotine. Tar contains many contents which produce cancer. Tar contains irritants which damage the lungs which are a major vital organ of human body; by constricting the bronchioles and destroying the cilias which protect lungs from dirt and other infections. Smokers do not sit long hours for doing their work, they need a cigarette break. With this, they feel relaxed and energetic to do their work. People usually smoke at different times in a day .Smokers thought the situations which are not positive; they made them less stressful with smoking a cigarette. Smokers feel pleasure i n smoking. But smoking produce critical health risks for smokers and the persons surrounding them. Because the family members and friends of a smoker who breathe second hand smoke also harm their general health. In this proposal we discuss about the smoking and its perceptions among university students. We discuss the facts that why students attract towards smoking. Does smoking really help to reduce the stress in students? Does smoking affect their general health? These all we discuss in our research proposal. Literature Review According to Stephen J. Heishman (1999), the 3 factors which influences smoking or are influenced by smoking habit, are stress, weight gain and performance. Addiction of nicotine is very complex process which includes biological, psychological and other factors also. If nicotine addicted person withhold nicotine, his attentional and cognitive abilities would be diminished, but these are reversed if nicotine is given to that person. In stress, smoking is eminent, but there is not any specified evidence that smoking reduces stress. In average the weight of smokers is 3-4kgs less than peoples who dont smoke and after quitting smoking weight gain is also in same manner. According to Carol Brown (2004) the use of tobacco is high in people having mental health problems. Use of tobacco is one of the preventable causes of bad health and early deaths in Scotland. According to Scottish Executive (2000), nearly 13,000 persons died each year from diseases occurs due to tobacco like diseases of heart and cancers of different parts of body (Callum, 1998).According to ASH Scotland (2004), there are many critical health risks related to passive smoking. In Scotland, sickness related to smoking costs the National Health Service around  £ 200 million per year. According to McNeill (2001), smoking risk is more among persons with mental health problems as compare to other people. According to Meltzer et al. (1996), surveys shows smoking rates were higher in people having mental problems like in people suffering from psychosis than general population. According to Wendy Wang and Paul Taylor(April8,2008),when smokers asked for their habit of smoking they usually say ,it relives our stress, but 50% of them experience stress frequently as compare to others who never smoke or smoke once and now quits. The survey also shows that smokers are more sad and unhealthy as compare to non smokers or persons who quit smoking.45% of smokers said that they are healthy as this percentage was63%in non smokers and little less in former smokers. Six out of ten current smokers satisfied with their family life whereas this ratio was seven in ten in non smokers. Satisfaction in job is also low in current smokers. According to Andy C Parrott (1999), smokers oftentimes say that smoking helps to relieve their stress whereas the level of stress is quite more in smokers. Dependency on nicotine looks as to modify stress. This resulted irregular mood pattern shown by smokers, during smoking they have good moods and bad otherwise when not smoking. The smokers require nicotine for feeling normal. According to Piasecki (2006) addiction rate is very high in tobacco smoking. Likewise withdrawal of nicotine, tonic desire is basic reason for ex-smokers, who were struggling to maintain abstinence. If a person strike again and again with high stress levels his smoking habbit also raised(Steptoe,et al. ,1996) and stressful activities were essential risk factors for chances of relapse in former smokers(Cohen and Lichtenstein,1990;Mckee,et al.,2003).Study in human laboratories shows that exposure to stress or imagination of provoked markers raises the desire of smoking in smokers who are habitual(Perkins and Grobe,1992;Erblich,et al.,2003). According to American Journal of health behaviour (2006) vol.30 (3), the usage of tobacco in US is highest in adults between 18-24 yrs of age. Most of them are college students. Use of cigarette smoking increased by 28% in the year between 1993-1997. Around 50% of college students tried smoking within that previous year and around 1/3rd are using tobacco currently. Approximately 70% of students of colleges tried tobacco in their life. A recently done study of 224 students of college showed the tendency to take risk, depression, self efficacy were decisive of smoking behaviour. Other study of 636 adult students shows that the college students using tobacco shows lower physical activities and raised depression symptoms as compare to non smokers. Moreover young adults who are in depression use tobacco for improvement in their mood. According to Wegner, Schneider, Carter and White (1987) numerous studies shows inhibiting negative or indifferent thoughts having a rebound effect. So if a person suppresses a single thought he may think about, that thought comes in his mind more quickly. For example people usually attempt to discontinue smoking by avoiding thinking about smoking. Whereas this strategy rises his thoughts of smoking and makes quitting difficult. According to Salkovskis and Reynolds (1994) study, in which contestants decrease or give up smoking by observing their thoughts about smoking. The study shows suppression, raised thoughts of smoking comparison to monitoring. However these results show that thoughts suppression made quitting much challenging. But in this study they were not said that suppression raises smoking. According to Heath Martin (1993); Chassin et al. (1994, 1996) ,Kendler et al.(1999) so many studies done in past two decades suggested that people with the history of smoking in their close relatives were continual smokers than other ones who had no history in their family. Several studies showed that persistent smoking habbit definitely had heritable element. For e.g. Heath Martin (1993) found heritability approximately of 0.53, whereas Kendler et al. (1999) found it as 0.72. These studies show the value of environmental and hereditary factors in habbit of persistent smoking but this did not clarify mechanism that shows relationship of family history and persistence. Hypotheses Smokers thought that smoking reduce stress. Smoking plays a chief role in mood elevation of a person. Generally if the parents smoke, their adult children are more attract towards smoking habit. The family members and friends of a smoker, who breathe the secondhand smoke, also harm their general health. Method Design: This is a Quantitative study of smoking habit and its perceptions among the university students. It is in the form of questionnaire. Dependent Variable: Stress, Psychological status Independent Variable: Age, Gender, smoking habit Participants: The participants are mostly the students of University of Bedfordshire who belongs to different religions and different nations. There will be 25 participants, in which 20 would be male participants and 5 would be female participants. The age of the participants is between 20-40yrs. Procedure: Each student gives a full questionnaire in which options are there and they have to tick the best option according to their choice and they are requested to give answers wisely. Questionnaire is given to each participant personally and told him or her the purpose of test. Before the participants fill the questionnaire, total information regarding the purpose of study and other related information will be given to each participant. This information is also given to the participants that this data remains confidential. This collected data will be used only for study and research purposes and not given to any other organization. After the general introduction regarding name gender etc. the participants asked to select the category of smoking-smoking in the present time, or smoking in the past years and now quitted. Then they start the main Questionnaire. Data analysis The data is collected from students of University of Bedfordshire and analyzed by SSPS. Either a significant relation exists in between the variables is studied by ANOVA. Ethical Consideration The university has accepted the request of survey in their campus. The participants are clearly mentioned about data protection and told them that this data will be used for study and research purpose only. The participants are clearly mentioned that they are free to ask any type of question before the data collection. This is clearly told to the participants if they have any problem during the research they can withdraw any time .The data collected from the students is not given any other party.

Sophocles :: essays research papers

	In 495 B.C. there was a child born about a mile outside of Athens. This child was to be named Sophocles. He was a boy whose father was a wealthy merchant. He now had the opportunity to enjoy all of life's greatest expectations in the Greek empire. Being that he was from a wealthy family, he had the chance to study all of the arts. By the time Sophocles reached his late teens, he was already known for his charm and elegance and was honored by being chosen to lead a challenging group of young men at a celebration of the victory of Salamis. When Sophocles reached the late twenties, he was ready to compete in the City Dionysia, which is a celebration held every year at the theater of Dionysus in which new plays are presented all of the time. This was to show how successful Sophocles was in his acting career. During his first competition, Sophocles had the honor of competing against the great Aeschylus himself and defeated him taking first place. There would be many more plays to follow this accomplishment and Sophocles would walk home with nothing less than a second place. 	Sophocles, noted as being a talented actor, performed in many of his own plays. In one of his plays called, "The Woman Washing Clothes," he performed a juggling act that was talked about all over town for many years because the audience was so fascinated. But before you knew it Sophocles was to take another route and end his acting career to venture elsewhere. For many years Sophocles served as a dictated priest in the service of two heroes named Alcon and Asclepius, who was the god of medicine. Not only did he do this but he also served on the Board of Generals which was a committee that administered civil and military affairs in Athens. For some time after that, Sophocles was the director of the Treasury. This was where Sophocles controlled the funds of the association of states which were to be known as the Delian Confederacy. Being one of the great innovators of the theatre, Sophocles was the first playwright to add a third actor to his plot. In doing this, he a nnulled the trilogic form. For example, Aeschylus used three tragedies to explain a single story. Sophocles preferred to make each tragedy a complete entry in itself.

International Trade and Finance Speech Essay

The purpose of this paper is to organize a speech that will be provided to a number of reporters that are not knowledgeable with economics. In this paper I will put importance on international trade and foreign exchange rates and how those affect the GDP, domestic markets, and students. I will also outline some of the benefits on goods and services that are imported from other countries and how those contribute to our economy in the United States. What happens when there is a surplus of imports brought into the US? When there is a surplus of a product imported into the US, it drives the prices of that particular product down. The reason it drives the prices down is because the owner of the product gets to a point where they need to clear out inventory so they sell it at a price lower than originally expected. These companies will go as far as taking a loss on the product just to clear the inventory. This surplus is a plus for the consumer. (Armadeo, 2013) Car dealerships are a prime example of companies that clean out old inventory at a reduced price. They run end of year specials that are hard to beat. One dealership had a Chevrolet Malibu for $22,110. The end of year pricing deal they offered was $3000 cash back or 0% interest on a 60 month loan. When deciding which offer is the best, a person must first look at what the percentage of interest is that they would be paying on top of the loan amount. (Mello, 2012) What are the effects of international trade to GDP, domestic markets and university students? The international trade effect on the GDP depends on if it is a surplus or deficit. If the imports are lower than exports this will have a positive effect on the GDP, domestic markets, and university students. A positive effect in the GDP increases the job market. This in turn increases money into the economy and increases sales in the local markets. This also helps the university student find a job to help finance their education. This also allows them to buy supplies for school cheaper, for example, the price of computers become lower when there is a positive effect on all these things. International trade increases options for the consumer to choose from, therefore the price on these items are more competitive. Negative effects will do the complete opposite. (McTeer, 2008) How do government choices in regards to tariffs and quotas affect international relations and trade? Simply put, tariffs are taxes the government imposes on imports. Quotas are numerical limits set by the same government imposed on the same imports. If the country imposing the tariffs and quotas set the tariff too high then this could cause future issues between the two countries. If a country wants to have a good relationship with a country they will impose lower tariffs. (â€Å"The Basics of Tariffs and Trade Barriers†, 2011) What are foreign exchange rates? How are they determined? A foreign exchange rate is the cost of converting different currencies. For example, if the foreign exchange rate for the euro is 100=$1 then 100 euros equals $1. If it costs 125 euros to exchange for $1, then the euro is not as profitable as the dollar. Exchange rates are generated by the volume of currencies acquired and sold. â€Å"Though they are affected in both the short term and long term by innumerable factors, currency supply and demand will always, ultimately, determine currency prices in the foreign exchange markets† (Sisson, 2012). Why doesn’t the U.S. simply restrict all goods coming in from China? Why can’t the U.S. just minimize the amount of imports coming in from all other countries? If the United States were to restrict all goods coming in from China it would negatively affect our relationship with them. The United States is majorly in debt to China. Upsetting them could cause them to call in all our loans. It will also affect the profitability of China’s investments and their supply in which American companies are operating. The United States cannot decrease the amount of goods coming in from other countries because it would have a huge impact on employment and the cost of items in this country. A variety of items cause them to have more competitive pricing. When you do not have people working, there is less money to be spent back into the economy. All of these reasons greatly impact the United States economy. The United States needs to trade with countries with more promising tariffs and quotas, and try to keep things fair between imports and exports to help promote a better GDP. References Mello, T. B. (2012). Sweet year-end deals available on some popular cars. Retrieved from http://www.nbcnews.com/business/sweet-year-end-deals-available-some-popular-cars-1C6750390 Armadeo, K. (2013). The US Trade Deficit. Retrieved from http://useconomy.about.com/od/tradepolicy/p/Trade_Deficit.htm McTeer, B. (2008). The Impact of Foreign Trade on the Economy. Retrieved from http://economix.blogs.nytimes.com/2008/12/10/the-impact-of-foreign-trade-on-the-economy/ The Basics of Tariffs and Trade Barriers. (2011). Retrieved from http://www.investopedia.com/articles/economics/08/tariff-trade-barrier-basics.asp#axzz2KI2v2hAC Sisson, N. (2012). ehowmoney. Retrieved from http://www.ehow.com/about_6593199_exchange-determined-markets-foreign-exchange_.html Colander, D. C. (2010). Macroeconomics. : McGraw-Hill.